ECG, Echo, or TMT?

When you visit a cardiologist with symptoms such as chest discomfort, breathlessness, palpitations, dizziness, or unexplained fatigue, you may be advised to undergo one or more heart tests. Among the most commonly used cardiac investigations are ECG, Echo, and TMT.

Although these tests are often discussed together, each one provides different information about the heart. An ECG records the heart's electrical activity, an Echo uses ultrasound to examine the heart's structure and function, and a TMT evaluates how the heart responds to physical exercise.

Understanding the difference between ECG, Echo, or TMT can help you understand why your doctor recommends a particular test. However, the right test depends on your symptoms, medical history, risk factors, and clinical examination.

What Is an ECG?

An electrocardiogram, commonly called an ECG or EKG, is a quick and painless test that records the electrical activity of the heart. Small electrodes are placed on the chest and sometimes the arms and legs to capture the heart's electrical signals.

An ECG can provide information about:

• Heart rate
• Heart rhythm
• Electrical conduction
• Certain abnormal heart rhythms
• Changes that may suggest a heart attack
• Some signs of heart muscle abnormalities

Because an ECG is quick and non-invasive, it is frequently used as an initial cardiac investigation.

When Is an ECG Recommended?

A doctor may recommend an ECG when you have:

• Chest pain or discomfort
• Palpitations
• Dizziness
• Fainting
• Shortness of breath
• Unexplained fatigue
• Suspected arrhythmia
• Possible heart attack
• Certain cardiovascular risk factors

An ECG may also be included as part of a health screening or pre-operative evaluation when clinically appropriate.