Knee Replacement Surgery: Everything You Need to Know

Knee pain is one of the most common health concerns today, especially among older adults and those with arthritis or injuries. For many, simple activities like walking, climbing stairs, or even standing for long periods can become a daily struggle. When non-surgical treatments no longer provide relief, knee replacement surgery can offer a new lease on life by restoring mobility and reducing pain.

What is Knee Replacement Surgery?

Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a medical procedure where the damaged surfaces of the knee joint are replaced with artificial implants made of metal, plastic, or ceramic. These implants are designed to function like a natural joint, enabling smoother movement and reducing discomfort.

This procedure has been performed for decades and continues to evolve with advancements in medical technology, making it safer and more effective.

Who is an Ideal Candidate?

Doctors generally recommend knee replacement for people who:

• Suffer from severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis
• Experience pain that persists even at rest
• Have limited mobility and difficulty performing everyday activities
• Notice deformity in the knee, such as bowing of the legs
• Do not respond to conservative treatments like medications, injections, or physiotherapy

Types of Knee Replacement

Depending on the condition of the joint, surgeons may suggest different procedures:

1. Total Knee Replacement (TKR): The entire joint surface is replaced with artificial components. This is the most common and effective type.
2. Partial Knee Replacement (PKR): Only the damaged part of the knee is replaced, preserving the healthy cartilage and bone.
3. Revision Knee Replacement: Performed if a previous implant wears out, gets infected, or fails to function properly.
4. Minimally Invasive Knee Replacement: A newer technique using smaller incisions, leading to quicker recovery and less tissue damage.

How the Procedure is Done

The surgery typically lasts one to two hours. Here’s a step-by-step overview:

• The patient is given spinal or general anesthesia.
• The surgeon makes an incision to access the knee joint.
• Damaged cartilage and bone are carefully removed.
• Artificial implants are placed to recreate the joint surface.
• The incision is closed, and recovery begins with monitoring in a hospital setting.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery is a gradual process and varies from person to person. Most patients are encouraged to start moving their knee the day after surgery with the help of physiotherapists.

• First 1–2 weeks: Walking with support and beginning light exercises
• First 6 weeks: Improvement in mobility, reduced swelling, and increased range of motion
• 3–6 months: Patients can resume most normal activities with minimal discomfort
• 1 year and beyond: Continued improvement in strength and stability, with implants lasting 15–20 years or longer in many cases

Rehabilitation exercises, maintaining a healthy weight, and following medical advice are crucial for long-term success.

Benefits of Knee Replacement

• Long-term relief from pain
• Improved joint function and flexibility
• Correction of deformities
• Enhanced independence in daily life
• Better overall quality of life

Why Patients Choose India

India has become a trusted destination for orthopedic surgeries due to highly experienced surgeons, modern hospitals, and advanced technology. International patients often highlight the knee replacement surgery cost in India as a major factor since it is significantly more affordable compared to Western nations, without compromising on quality or patient safety.

Risks and Considerations

Like any major surgery, knee replacement comes with some risks, though they are rare with skilled surgeons. Potential risks include infection, blood clots, stiffness, or implant wear over time. These can often be minimized with proper medical care, timely follow-ups, and adherence to recovery plans.

Final Thoughts

Knee replacement surgery is more than just a treatment for joint pain—it’s an opportunity to regain independence, mobility, and confidence in everyday life. With advanced techniques, skilled specialists, and structured rehabilitation programs, patients can look forward to long-lasting results and a significantly improved quality of living.