How to Program a Line Follower Robot Using Arduino in 2025
Build a Line Follower Robot using Arduino with our easy 2025 guide. Includes line follower robot code, components, and beginner tips by Techradiance.
Even school students will be building incredible projects such as Line Following Robots in 2025. They can use sensors and simple programming to follow a black path on a white line. This blog will explain in simple terms how to make and program a Line Follower Robot using Arduino.
What is a Line Follower Robot?
A Line Follower Robot consists of a small robot that follows a line in black or white using sensors. These sensors allow the robot to “see” and follow the line. The robot can move forward, turn left, or turn right depending on where the line is.
The line following robot is a fun and easy way to learn basic robotics.
How Does a Line Follower Robot Work?
The Line Follower Robot uses IR sensors. These sensors are located at the front end of the robot. The sensor sends a signal to the Board when it detects a line of black. The Arduino then processes the data to tell the robot in which direction it should move.
The robot uses simple logic
- If both sensors detect a line, move forward
- Turn left if the left sensor detects the line
- If you see the line on the right sensor, turn right
- Stop if no sensor detects the line
The Arduino microcontroller is pre-programmed with this basic logic.
What Do You Need to Build a Line Follower Robot?
This is a list you will need to complete this project.
- Arduino Uno Board
- Two IR sensors
- L298N Motor Drive
- Two DC Motors with Wheels
- Chassis or robot bodies
- Caster wheel
- Battery (9V or 12-Volt)
- Jumper cables and wires
- Breadboard (optional).
When you purchase a Line Follower Robot Kit, most of these components are included in one package. This makes it easier for beginners.
Setting Up the Line Following Robot Arduino Circuit
Follow these simple steps to get started:
- Connect the IR Sensors with Arduino (Use digital pins such as D2 or D3)
- Connect Motors with the L298N Motor Driver
- Connect the Motor Driver with the Arduino (Use D9, D10 and D5, D6 to control motors)
- Use a battery to power the robot
- Uploading the code using Arduino IDE
It might seem confusing at first, but it is easy to understand once you follow the YouTube video or see a diagram.
Writing the Line Follower Robot Code
Let’s now write a simple Line Follower Robot Code using the Arduino IDE.